SWOT Analysis of Hewlett Packard Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

SWOT Analysis of Hewlett Packard - Essay Example HP can produce new structures and advancements of PCs and extras, for example, printers at reasonable expenses. Additionally, the company’s after deals administrations give the best administrations to their clients thus expanding their faithfulness. After deals administration focuses and helplines decrease numerous client issues (Kern et al, 23). Shortcomings Hewlett Packard’s absence of essence in some significant market portions confines its productivity in certain nations. Notwithstanding its extraordinary portfolio, HP doesn't have huge creation of programming items when contrasted with significant contenders, for example, IBM. A portion of its rivals produce shrewd programming items and offer broad discussion administrations to their clients. A generous level of its pay (29%) is acquired from its own frameworks division. In this manner, it doesn't order the market of modern and huge associations that utilization profoundly advanced figuring gadgets. The organization for the most part creates PCs is as of now experiencing rivalry from new players in the business, for example, Lenovo. It has helpless nearness in the tablets advertise where a considerable lot of its rivals are making progress. It is likewise confronting rivalry in the assembling of printers from different organizations including Epson and Samsung.

The Sleeping Venus and Olympia free essay sample

The Sleeping Venus/Dresden Venus, Giorgione with scene and sky by Titian. 1510 [pic] Olympia, Edouard Manet. 1863 The Sleeping Venus, or Dresden Venus, is by Italian Renaissance craftsman Giorgione. It is one of the last works yet Giorgione and the scene and sky were really wrapped up by Titian after Giorgione’s passing in 1510. The work of art depicts a naked lady relaxing in sleep. A lot of exertion was placed into the shadows and subtleties of the foundation. Accordingly, the woman’s position appears to impersonate the scene of the foundation. One part of the work of art that was so progressive is Giorgione’s decision to paint the lady naked. This wasn’t regular of his period and is broadly viewed as the beginnings of current craftsmanship. Other than the conspicuous suggestion of nakedness, there are basic ramifications of sensuality in the situating of the lady. Venus’s lifted arm and her left hand place on her crotch infer arousing quality. We will compose a custom exposition test on The Sleeping Venus and Olympia or then again any comparative point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Another basic subject to this piece in that of the human body being a characteristic, living being object of the earth. This is connected by the bends of the scene mirroring those of Venus. An interesting point of interest to be noted is that of the shade of the sheets. It is increasingly basic to see a warm tone in texture of the time. Yet, in this piece they are an unmistakable and differentiating silver. This further complements the delicate and natural nature of Venus and the scene. Olympia is oil on canvas by Edouard Manet. Painted in 1863, it is of a leaning back bare lady being gone to by a house keeper. It was propelled yet Titian’s Venus of Urbino. The differentiation of this piece to Giorgione’s The Sleeping Venus, is that this piece has more to do with the authenticity of the topic then the way that the lady is bare. This lady, appearing to be a prostitute is being given blossoms, thought to be a blessing from a customer. This isn't run of the mill topic of the period. In spite of the complexity to Giorgione’s Venus, there is the normal certainty that the two pieces were a stunning takeoff from scenes of their period. The distinction in each pieces stun factor is the Olympia was not stunning a result of bareness like The Sleeping Venus. The frontal look and the subtleties portraying the lady as a prostitute were what staggered watchers. Such things were not described in workmanship at that point. Subtleties, for example, her pearl hoop, arm band, the orchid in her hair and the oriental wrap are on the whole images of riches and arousing quality. These images are what distinguish her as a mistress and stress an enticing and sexual air. Her position is additionally in close harmony to that of Giorgione’s Venus, however depict an untouchable side of sensuality rather the Giorgione’s natural and â€Å"of the earth† suggestion.

Issues Of Abusing Study Drugs Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Issues Of Abusing Study Drugs - Essay Example Any understudy mishandling the investigation drugs separate specialists should capture that person in light of the fact that these medications wind up accomplishing more mischief than anything at long last. These investigation drugs have a lot of reactions. They incorporate expanded circulatory strain, sporadic pulses and changes in sex drive or barrenness, in the long haul. Temporarily, the medications may cause eagerness, uneasiness, cerebral pains, sleep deprivation, wooziness, mouth dryness, neurosis, stifled hunger, looseness of the bowels or clogging (â€Å"The University of Texas†). Notwithstanding these medications having gentle to serious symptoms, the medications have a potential overreliance (â€Å"The University of Texas†). These investigation medications ought to be restricted and each understudy manhandling them to be captured since they have many symptoms that could have enduring impacts on the client notwithstanding causing reliance. The way that review drugs are manhandled more than pot and are simpler to get is a stressing reality. Research shows that more than 30 percent of understudies in the college have wrongfully ingested the medications, with the number being more for the upperclassmen. This is very stressing since the government records the Adderall as a calendar II tranquilize. The calendar II drugs have the most noteworthy potential for misuse and a reliance profile (Cooper). Additionally, as indicated by Dr. Kotwicki, these medication produce rapture, they may incidentally work yet at long last reason issues with usefulness. Understudies misuse medications, for example, Ritalin to improve their readiness and consideration prompting better execution. In any case, as per CBC news, proof recommends that the medications don't build cognizance (â€Å"CBC news†). It is dismal to such an extent that understudies misuse these medications believing that it causes them however they wind up hurting them.

What Is NCAA Division 1

What Is NCAA Division 1 SAT/ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips The NCAA, the significant administering body for intercollegiate games, isolates its part organizations by divisions. Division I universities will in general be the biggest, have the greatest athletic office financial plans, and have the most significant level of athletic ability. The vast majority of the lofty school games you see on TV, from bowl games to March Madness, are rivalries between Division I schools. In this article, I will altogether clarify what makes NCAA Division 1 one of a kind and give you realities about Division I universities. What Is the NCAA? The National Collegiate Athletic Association, or NCAA, is the significant overseeing body for intercollegiate games. There is an a lot littler overseeing body for intercollegiate games with far less part establishments known as the National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics, or NAIA. Additionally, the administering body for sports at 2-year universities is the National Junior College Athletics Association, or NJCAA. The job of the NCAA is to regulate titles and set up and authorize rules for its part foundations. Why Are There NCAA Divisions? The motivation behind NCAA divisions is to make equality and an increasingly level playing field in intercollegiate games. Additionally, the presence of NCAA divisions gives littler schools with less assets the chance to vie for titles. What Makes Division 1Unique? NCAA Division 1is known for having the most significant level of rivalry and the best competitors in the entirety of the NCAA divisions. For the most part, Division I schools have the greatest understudy bodies, the biggest athletic office spending plans, and the most athletic grants for their understudy competitors. In NCAA Division I, there are very nearly 350 schools that have in excess of 6,000 groups. In excess of 170,000 understudy competitors take part in Division I sports. The entirety of the significant games meetings, including the SEC, Big Ten, Pac-12, and ACC, are made out of Division I schools. Division 1Football Division I football is additionally isolated into FBS (Football Bowl Subdivision) and FCS (Football Championship Subdivision) schools. FBS FBS schools go after the opportunity to partake in bowl games. You may have known about popular bowl games like The Rose Bowl, The Fiesta Bowl, or The Cotton Bowl. Those are all football match-ups between FBS schools. The FBS is the most significant level of university football and there is a gigantic measure of cash in it. The most generously compensated FBS mentors make $7 million yearly and Forbes esteemed the University of Texas-Austin football crew at $131 million. FCS FCS is the following most elevated level of university football after FBS. FCS schools vie for an opportunity to take an interest in a NCAA-run season finisher rather than bowl games. Contrasted with the FBS, there is substantially less cash and lower participation at games in the FCS. In 2014, the normal participation for a FBS home game was 44,190, and the normal participation for a FCS home game was 7,666. Division 1Rules The NCAA sets rules for Division I schools to guarantee serious parity and sex value. Division I schools need to support in any event 7 games for men and 7 games for ladies (or 6 for men and 8 for ladies). Each playing season (fall, winter, and spring) must be spoken to by every sex. For sports other than football and ball, Division I schools must play 100 percent of the base number of challenges against Division I rivals. Anything over the base number of games must be 50 percent against Division I enemies. Men’s and women’s b-ball groups need to play everything except two games against Division I groups. Men’s b-ball groups must play â… of their games in their home fields. Division I schools must meet least monetary guide grants for their games program, and there are greatest budgetary guide grants for each game that a Division I school can’t surpass. FBS Rules FBS groups need to meet least participation prerequisites. They need to average 15,000 individuals in genuine or paid participation per home game. On the off chance that a group can't average 15,000 individuals, it most likely can't rival the ordinary FBS group that midpoints more than 44,000. Participation prerequisites must be met once in a moving two-year time span. Dissimilar to in the FBS, FCS groups don't have to meet participation prerequisites. Kinds of Schools in Division1 There are open and private schools in Division I. Instances of Division I government funded schools incorporate Penn State University, UC Berkeley, the University of Virginia, and the University of Missouri. Instances of Division I tuition based schools incorporate Northwestern, Duke, Stanford, and the entirety of the Ivy League schools. Nonetheless, Ivy League schools are one of a kind since they're the main Division I schools that don't offer athletic grants. There are Division I schools in each state with the exception of Alaska. Division 1Facts All things considered, just 6% of the understudy bodies at Division I schools take an interest in NCAA sports. The normal enlistment at Division I schools is 12,900. 53% of all understudy competitors at Division I universities get some degree of athletic budgetary guide. In 2010, the NCAA consented to an arrangement with CBS and Turner Broadcasting to introduce the NCAA men's ball title for a long time (from 2011-2024). The arrangement was for more than $10.8 billion. What's Next? On the off chance that you try to take an interest in school sports, ensure you think about the school athletic selecting process. Become familiar with the SAT and ACT scores you should be qualified to contend in the NCAA. In the event that you need to go to a school with big-time sports, look at this article on the biggest school football arenas. Need to improve your SAT score by 160 or your ACT score by 4 points?We've composed a guide for each test about the main 5 procedures you should use to have a taken shots at improving your score. Download it with the expectation of complimentary at this point:

End of Life Issues: Do Not Resuscitate Order Essay

Try not to Resuscitate (DNR) request goes about as a development mandate that forestalls life sparing intercessions, explicitly Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR), upon quiet solicitation. As per Morton, Hudak and Fontaine (2004), DNR orders are typically being regulated to terminal patients with join assent marked by the patient or delegates (if clumsy patients) (p. 95). When the DNR request has been made and marked in a composed archive, the clinic approaches might direct audit inside 24 to 72 hours. As indicated by Morton, Hudak and Fontaine (2004), survey is being done so as to forestall potential blunders or irregularities concerning the patient or representative’s condition (95). DNR request is normally mentioned by the proxy/tolerant who might possibly yet be in terminal phase of infection, or being suggested by human services supplier when no treatment is conceivable or the state of the patient is irreversible. As indicated by Orenstein and Stern (1997), DNR request disregards different moral standards, for example, (1) value or giving the most extreme great to the patient, (2) abuses the basic motivation behind medicinal services to spare lives, and (3) estimation of life and potential for endurance (p. 363). The planned motivation behind social insurance is to give care, to start proper life-sparing mediations, and to deplete each conceivable asset or intercession that can spare a person’s life (Fink, 2004 p. 230). Considering the real components for achieving DNR requests, patient or proxy can altogether demand for this under their will and individual judgment; albeit, a few organizations survey this solicitation, the privilege of the patient’s independence encourages the usage of the request, which in the long run disregards the fundamental rule of medicinal services (Lo, 2005 p. 121). In spite of the basic utilization of DNR request, issues exist inside the application and execution of this strategy. These issues incorporate (1) unseemly dynamic of most patients mentioning DNR, (2) basically constrains the chance of life sparing intercessions or further mitigations of the condition, (3) debilitates the viability and effectiveness of careful activities whenever required, (4) expanded rate of death among DNR patients paying little heed to death possibilities, and (5) expanded wellbeing costs because of longer emergency clinic stays, palliative mediations and biting the dust inside medical clinic premises. Conversation Indeed, even without the affirmation of irreversible condition or genuine proof that no human services alternatives exist, the patient is allowed the chance to force DNR arranges in response to popular demand, which in the long run gets oppressive in nature and basically challenges the motivation behind social insurance (Orenstein and Stern, 1997 p. 363). To legitimize the first refered to issue of DNR (I. e. hazardous patient-dynamic for DNR demand), According to Watcher, Goldman and Hollander (2005), most patients who eventually get DNR orders are equipped at the hour of confirmation, yet not skillful (e. g. encountering shortfalls in soundness, under disarray, encountering extreme torment, and so on ) when the DNR request is at last composed (p. 123). In the investigation of Haidet, Hamel and Davis et al. (1998), even with doctor or parental conversation of DNR end-of-life care, patients with colorectal malignant growth have put together their choices for the most part with respect to individual instincts of torment and torment without the thought of potential life sparing treatment of their condition (63%; n=212 of 339 respondents). From these announcements, patients/substitute leaders most ordinarily base the choices of their finish of-life care because of the agony and experienced enduring paying little heed to conceivable clinical mediations accessible or phase of sickness. For the subsequent contention (confines the chance of life sparing mediations), as per the investigation of Beach and Morrison (2002), the nearness of a DNR request influences the physicians’ activities and judgment on whether to demand an assortment of medications not identified with CPR. In the examination, doctors completely consented to start lesser mediations for patient’s with DNR request than patients who don't have (First test: 4. 2 versus 5. 0, P =. 008; Second test: 6. 5 versus 7. 1, P =. 004; Third Test: 5. 7 versus 6. 2, P =. 037). Related to the following contention (hinders the viability and productivity of careful tasks), DNR orders develops hesitance of doctors in giving careful or obtrusive systems. As indicated by Watcher, Goldman and Hollander (2005), general sedation, cognizant sedation and intrusive techniques can significantly hasten the requirement for formal revival. On the off chance that DNR request is available, careful activity can be extremely troublesome and unsafe considering the impediments set on resuscitative intercessions (p. 123). Thinking about such case, DNR patients who demand of getting medical procedure (e. g. careful tasks for inside checks, relief from discomfort, and so on. ) are confronting basically at-gambled tasks. Considering the fourth issue of DNR patients (expanded rate of death among DNR patients), in the investigation of Shepardson, Youngner and Speroff (1999) with the populace size of 13,337 back to back stroke confirmations with 22% (n=2898) DNR patients in 30 medical clinics between 1991 to 1994, unadjusted in-emergency clinic death rates are higher in patients with DNR orders than in patients without orders (40% versus 2%, P < 0. 001). In the interim, the aftereffects of the investigation with balanced chances of death show 33. 9 (95% CI, 27. 4-42. 0). All in all, danger of death is clearly higher among those patients with DNR arranges significantly in the wake of modifying the chances of death. Clearly, DNR orders confine potential life-sparing mediations just as palliative surgeries that can additionally reduce the anguish and agony of the patient in the most fitting methods. Concerning the last contention of the paper (expanded wellbeing expenses of DNR patients contrasted with those without), as indicated by the investigation of Maksoud, Jahnigen and Skibinsski (1993), patients biting the dust under DNR arranges incredibly increment the human services costs because of (1) longer times of medical clinic remain, (2) genuine passing inside the emergency clinic and (3) palliative measures being done to lighten or if nothing else limit the torment and enduring of the patient all through the procedure. As indicated by the examination, normal charges for every patient who passed on were $61,215 with $10,631 for those conceded with a DNR request, and $73,055 for the individuals who had a DNR request made in clinic (Maksoud, Jahnigen and Skibinsski, 1993). References Sea shore, M. C. , and Morrison, R. S. (2002, December). The impact of don't revive arranges on doctor dynamic. Diary of American Geriatric Society, 50, 2057-2061. Fink, A. (2004). Assessment Fundamentals: Insights Into the Outcomes, Effectiveness, and Quality of Health Programs. London, New York: SAGE Publishing. Haidet, P. , Hamel, M. B. , and Davis et al. , R. B. (1998, September). Results, inclinations for revival, and doctor persistent correspondence among patients with metastatic colorectal disease. Diary of American Medicine, 105, 222-229. Maksoud, A. , Jahnigen, W. , and Skibinski , C. I. (1993, May). Try not to revive orders and the expense of death. Files of Internal Medicine, 153, 1249-1253. Morton, P. , Hudak, C. M. , and Fontaine, D. (2004). Basic Care Nursing: A Holistic Approach. New York, U. S. A: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins. Orenstein, D. M. , and Stern, R. C. (1997). Treatment of the Hospitalized Cystic Fibrosis Patient. New York, U. S. An: Informa Health Care. Shepardson, L. B. , Youngner, S. J. , and Speroff, T. (1999, August). Expanded Risk of Death in Patients With Do-Not-Resuscitate Orders. Diary of Medical Care Section, 37, 727-737. Wachter, R. M. , Goldman, L. , and Hollander, H. (2005). Emergency clinic Medicine. New York, U. S. A: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins.

Energy Environment Natural Gas Drill Site Field Trip COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

Energy Environment Natural Gas Drill Site Field Trip COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog On April 27 and 28, 2014, a group of SIPA students, led by Dr. Jonathan Chanis, traveled to Pennsylvania and West Virginia to meet with natural gas industry executives and visit a natural gas drill site.     The purpose of the trip was to talk with company officials about natural gas developments in the Marcellus and observe how this development affects the local community and the environment.   The students spent most of the visit with company officials and they were able to ask numerous questions.   The time at the drill site further aided the group’s understanding of natural gas development by allowing everyone to see firsthand the scale and scope of a drilling operation. While at the drill site, the students had the opportunity to talk with the drilling engineer and other workers. Among the issues discussed in detail during the trip were: The steps necessary to drill a well and produce natural gas in the Marcellus; Average well costs and capital budgeting practices; The impact of “Act 13” being overturned by the Pennsylvania Supreme Court; Lease acquisition practices, especially the complexity of dealing with landowners whose mineral rights have been “severed” by a previous landowner; Drilling location siting practices; The gains in drilling efficiency (and the major decline in surface area footprints); The use and importance of drill casing; issues of methane migration; the importance of base line water testing; Hydraulic fracturing technology and the composition of fracking fluids; industry fracking fluid composition disclosure practices; Water usage and waste disposal; water recycling and “closed-loop systems”; Job creation and work forced management issues; workforce safety issues; Community attitudes toward drilling and natural gas production; industry community relations; the impact of natural gas development on the local agricultural economy; One of the clearest impressions many students formed concerned the significant impact natural gas development has on the daily life of the community.   Each student was able to see for him/herself the significant and continual truck traffic and evaluate how disruptive this movement is to daily community life.   Company officials openly discussed this issue and they reviewed how they attempt to minimize disruptions and work with local government and civic leaders to maximize benefits for all community residents, not just for those who have development leases. *** “This visit was a unique experience and it definitely added great value to our course of study at SIPA. As energy professionals, it is important to understand the magnitude of the positive and negative impacts natural gas drilling and production have on host communities.   We can read about this, but sometimes a field trip says more than a thousand words. I was particularly impressed by the openness of company representatives who responded frankly to the multiple questions posed by the group. However, while the company does seem to be making great efforts to minimize disruptions to the local community, one of the main problems I observed was that the state and local government is not conducting health or environmental impact assessments.     In a future visit, it would be interesting to talk to civil society representatives to gain multiple perspectives on  the impact shale gas development on the region.” *** The most significant aspect of the trip was being able to see the scale of the operations in person. It is one thing to participate with the abstract idea of fracking by studying it in the classroom, but seeing how the operations are carried out day to day, in the rolling hills of West Virginia, provides an entirely different context and understanding of the issue.” *** In the future, the Energy and Environment Concentration will encourage more such field trips, especially if it includes visits with community leaders and local government officials. Post contributed by Professor Jonathan Chanis.   Besides sharing his knowledge and insight at SIPA, Professor Chanis has worked in finance for 25 years most of this time has been spent trading and investing in the emerging markets and various commodities markets, especially petroleum.   Currently he is Managing Member of New Tide Asset Management, a proprietary vehicle focused on global and resource investing.

Analysis Assignment of Mesopotamia and Roman Civilizations - 825 Words

Analysis Assignment of Mesopotamia and Roman Civilizations (Essay Sample) Content: Analysis of Ancient CivilizationsNameInstitutional AffiliationAnalysis of Ancient CivilizationsMethods of Dating and its ImpactArchaeological dating techniques can be broadly divided into relative dating technique and absolute dating technique. The two different types of techniques have its flaws and they impact the interpretation of history in its own way. Popular relative dating techniques include Stratigraphy whose underlying principle is that of superimposition, which means the artefacts that are embedded below are older in age. This assumption is not necessarily true since often landslides or slips change the entire topography of the region thereby burying younger artefacts deep in the ground. Absolute dating techniques include Radiocarbon dating or Uranium-Lead dating which are scientifically proven and has the ability to determine the exact year of the artefact which relative dating techniques are incapable of doing. Therefore, the type of dating technique has a significant influence on the interpretation of history and shaping the image of ancient civilizations.Kingdoms of Ancient MesopotamiaThe southern part of Iraq in ancient times was known as Mesopotamia and the people who inhabited the region came to be known as Sumerians. The Sumerians had established a huge empire in Mesopotamia which consisted of twelve city states such as Kish, Uruk, Ur, Akshak, Larak, Nippur and so on. Eight kings had ruled the Sumerians till 2800 BC before the great floods had devastated their civilization. After the floods, each of the states had become center of power in different eras. Sumerians were first united under one king by Etana of Kish but the reign did not last long. The primary reason for such a short reign in the Sumerian civilization was the absence of a strong army. The Sumerians believed in having a citizen army which would be summoned only in times of danger. However, the rulers around Mesopotamia took advantage of this weakness and invaded them. For example, King Sargon of Akkad had invaded Mesopotamia and conquered Sumerians. Then, he established a huge empire whose boundaries extended westward up to Mediterranean Sea. This empire was also short lived as he focused more on art and literature rather than investing efforts in developing good governance and resistance for foreign invaders. Ur succeeded Sargon who ruled Mesopotamia from 2150 to 2050 BC and Sumerian culture reached its epitome under his rule. After his rule there was no strong Mesopotamian ruler. However, their culture spread westward in the form of language, mythology, law and scientific knowledge (Maisels, 2001). The Babylonians and Assyrians became the carriers of Mesopotamian culture to other regions. Therefore, it is justified to mention that although the Sumerian culture lived on through their language and mythology, none of the Mesopotamian kings were able to build a strong empire and rule for long. The reason can be identified as their reluctance to build a strong army and consolidate the governance of such a big empire.Code of HammurabiHammurabi was one of the most celebrated kings of Mesopotamia who ruled from 1792-1750 BC. He was famous for his code which consisted of around 282 laws inscribed on a stone pillar which was discovered by a French archaeologist in 1901 AD. Hammurabi had captured and consolidated a huge territory which required a good governance system in order to flourish. As a result, he had sent his officials to explore length and breadth of his empire to understand the existing laws. The outcome of this exercise was the Hammurabi Code which became famous for its statements such as Eye for an eye. Several scholars have viewed such interpretation of law as harsh and vindictive in nature (Maisels, 2001). However, Hammurabi has sound logic behind establishment of such a code since he wanted to establish law and order throughout his empire. He had the vision of curbing any malpractice and punish wicked persons through his code. Although, prima facie it may seem harsh but there are several layers to the Code of Hammurabi. The code says that if someone blinds a person from gentleman class then his eye would be destroyed but if someone blinds a commoner then punishment would be fine of a silver mina. Therefore, it proves that people were not equally treated in ancient Mesopotamia (Maisels, 2001). This can be considered as the major difference...

What Are The Effects Of High College Tuition Costs On The

What are the effects of high college tuition costs on the economy? The fundamental aim of obtaining a higher education in this country has been to prepare and educate young Americans to accept and consider productive and proactive roles in the workforce, to strengthen our communities and nation as a whole, to contribute to our domestic and international economic competitiveness and to enrich our lives to the very fullest. As part of the perception of the American dream of â€Å"opportunity for all,† higher education also plays an important role in the effort to dispose of, or at the very least to narrow, the gaps in the opportunity to obtain a higher education between the many people who are born into lower socioeconomic circumstances at†¦show more content†¦To put this in a more clear perspective, according to an article published by Forbes Magazine, â€Å"the overall consumer price index has risen 115% while the college education inflation rate has risen nearly 500%, if the cost of college tuition was $10,000 in 1986, it would now cost the same student over $21,500 if education had increased as much as the average inflation rate but instead education is $59,800 or over 2  ½ times the inflation rate† (Odland). The problem here are the many underlying costs which there is seemingly little to nothing being developed and utilized to control those costs resulting in negative affects on the American economy. The most problematic issue pertaining to the high costs of college tuition in America is that fewer students from low-income families are going to college. Unaffordable college tuition costs is proving to be driving away thousands of low income students from the opportunity to attend college. Even with an extensive range of student aid programs from the government and various private sources, students from low-income families are consistently finding themselves in a situation where they simply do not have the financial means to attend college. To put things in perspective, according to a report submitted to Congress by the Advisory Committee on Student Financial Assistance states, â€Å"Enrollment at four year colleges for low-income students decreased 14% between 1992 and 2004, as theShow MoreRelatedIs College Still A Good Investment?958 Words   |  4 PagesIn Does College Still Pay, Lisa Barrow explores that even though the college tuition costs are increasing rapidly, is colleg e still a good investment. Barrow states that college still worth wild and there is no evidence of a downward trend to students attending college due to increasing college tuition. 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Media Ethics Definition - 1554 Words

Websters New World Pocket Dictionary defines ethics as moral standards and as a system of morals. Websters then defines moral as, of or dealing with right or wrong. Similarly, media ethics are moral standards that are applied to the media. An example of this is the Society of Professional Journalists Code of Ethics(1), a standardized list of items that members of the SPJ use as a guide in their strides to be effective journalists. In a similar manner, media professionals sometimes use their code of ethics as a device to shield themselves from attacks that are often led by individuals from the public who are dissatisfied with the journalists work. Just as codes of ethics are utilized in various ways, the definition of media ethics†¦show more content†¦I think that it is crucial that our publication identifies all of its sources that we use for our information. This is because the public is entitled to as much information as possible on sources reliability and their identity. By giving sources identity we are taking every possible step to report the truth and to discourage people from using anonymity as a mask for their own biased intentions. Along with changing this standard, I also changed the following standard that read, Always question sources motives before promising anonymity. Clarify conditions attached to any promise made in exchange for information. Keep promises. In my new code I will never promise anonymity, therefor I changed the standard to read, Always question sources motives. Clarify conditions involved in exchanging information. Make no promises. The sixth SPJ standard, which states that the content of news photos or videos should never be distorted, is effective, but it is not specific enough. Our group believed that no image should ever be altered by our publication, not even flipping a picture to make it more aesthetically pleasing. Also, I think that the seventh standard should be moved to the very bottom of the Seek Truth section b ecause it does rarely applies to a campus publication. I also moved the 15th standard towards the top of the section because I think that distinguishing between advocacy and news reporting is very important. All analysis andShow MoreRelatedSexual Crimes Committed Against Wsv Victims764 Words   |  4 PagesThe public display of sexual crimes committed against WSV victims has yet another aspect to compound the consequences of their rape and captivity. The associated media articles, almost always very detailed in nature, arouse issues in regards to the cultural notions of honor. In honor-based societies, such as the Yezidi community and many communities in Nigeria, women and girls carry a heavy burden of upholding the honor of the family, clan and tribe. One way in which honor is lost is through sexualRead MoreSocial Media And Public Administration894 Words   |  4 PagesIn their article Social Media and Public Administration: Theoretical Dimensions and Introduction to the Sympos ium,† published in 2011 in Administrative Theory Praxis Vol. 33, Iss. 3, pp. 325-340, authors Thomas A. Bryer and Staci M. Zavatarro introduce the rising trend of social media use in public administration, in both government agencies and nonprofits. As public administration scholars and practitioners themselves, the authors sought to analyze these trends further, and to explore more comprehensivelyRead MoreTheories Of The Social Responsibility Theory863 Words   |  4 PagesMany theories that are postmodern theories are related to reality in mediated communication than most of the modern global theories. According to Kamalipour (2006), â€Å"One of the earliest attempts to think about media internationally was a book published in the 1950s entitled Four Theories of the Press (Siebert, Peterson, Schramm, 1956). Its authors set out to create what is sometimes called a taxonomy, which means dividing up all the various versions and aspects of a topic into systemic categoriesRe ad MoreThe Corruption Of Police Corruption1484 Words   |  6 PagesWith recent negative media coverage concerning police officers, police corruption has become a major topic. Police officers seem to be making more questionable and unethical decisions according to the media. With these questionable actions, the idea that police officers are corrupt has been a steadily growing opinion. I will be focusing this literature review on the history of police corruption, mostly in major cities/countries; the nature of police corruption; the ethics involved in law enforcement;Read MoreThe Censorship Of The Media1665 Words   |  7 Pages Privacy in the Media In addition, the media is in an especially complex situation regarding the current concept of privacy regarding the proper use of technology and due to the numerous ethical issues, that arise from sensationalist media practices. First, the invasion of privacy can be justified by uncovering vital information that serves public interest to be considered ethical journalistic practice (Plaisance, 2014, p. 187). However, while there is less ethical merit in providing the publicRead MoreSex-Drive Reducing Medications of Sex Offenders1556 Words   |  7 PagesReview of the following articles: Force Administration of Sex-Drive Reducing Medications of Sex Offenders: Treatment or Punishment? And Ethics, Prisoner Interrogation, National Security and The Media Force Administration of Sex-Drive Reducing Medications of Sex Offenders: Treatment or Punishment? The first article I chose was whether or not it is considered a treatment or a punishment to sex offenders if they are forced, by court order, toRead MoreAn Definition Of Public Relations1322 Words   |  6 PagesDefining Public Relations For many decades both PR academics and practitioners have struggled to construct a single definition of what public relations actually are. In 1976, Rex Harlow made a bold attempt to summarize just what public relations are. Harlow started by identifying and analyzing as many definitions of public relations as he could. He ended up examining 472 definitions that had been put forth by other academics, practitioners and scholars since the early days of the twentieth centuryRead More Business Ethics Essay1591 Words   |  7 Pages According to Wikipedia, ethics, also known as â€Å"moral philosophy†, is a branch of philosophy that addresses questions about morality. Concepts such as good and bad, noble, right and wrong, justice and virtue. To business, ethics is a tool to examine principles and moral or ethical problems that arise in a business environment. Therefore, business ethics can be both a normative and a descriptive discipline. Ethics is a part of the larger social ethi cs, and also always affect business development.Read MoreBreaking News : Journalism Is Still Alive769 Words   |  4 PagesJournalism is Still Alive Words can be powerful and heavy and most of all complicated. On the other hand, dictionaries cut everything short. The Merriam-Webster definition of journalism, for example, is especially simple and direct—the job of collecting, writing, and editing news stories for newspapers, magazines, television, or radio. This definition fails to recognize though that just because something is written and published in a newspaper or on a news site does not mean that article falls into theRead MoreMedia Ethics, The Authoritarian Theory And Social Responsibility Theory Essay1076 Words   |  5 Pages I chose to write about the media and its responsibilities, in this paper I am going to have a debate about the responsibilities of the media to the public and how we should be watchful of the information we taking part in. There is two main theories in media ethics, the authoritarian theory and Social responsibility theory. The authoritarian theory press was seen as a very controlling tool, and those in authority used it to convey only that information that they wanted the public to know. Social

Illegal Immigration Is A Problem For The United States

Illegal immigration has been a problem for the United States for a long time. This is not a new phenomenon and thousands of illegal immigrants have come into US through either the Mexico border, the Pacific Ocean, or through many other ways. Some people entered in country legally through a visit visa, but then have stayed illegally and are working in various places. Illegal immigration is a double enclosed sword; one hand it provide the local economy with cost benefits as the illegal immigrants are not paid so much, while they are more fruitful. On the other hand, these illegal immigrants do not pay taxes and their employers also do not pay their taxes. There are both pros and cons of illegal immigration and this paper shall take a look at some facts pertinent to illegal immigration in the United States. â€Å"Every day thousands of illegals stream across the 2,500 miles of border with Mexico. According to the U.S. Immigration and Naturalization Service, or INS, the total number of illegals in America from this source increases by 275,000 annually. Already the United States is host to an illegal population of 7 to 12 million, of whom the vast majority are Mexican or Hispanic in origin. These illegal and unwelcome guests help themselves to jobs, education, welfare and unemployment compensation. The many whose salaries are paid under the table pay little or no taxes. And they are easy prey for unscrupulous employers and politicians† (Hayes 2000) The U.S. population mainly isShow MoreRelatedThe Illegal Immigration Problem Of The United States Essay2173 Words   |  9 PagesLone Star- North Harris THE ILLEGAL IMMIGRATION PROBLEM IN THE UNITED STATES TODAY MIDTERM RESEARCH PAPER Amee Jagtap Immigration Law Professor Delesandri OCTOBER 19, 2016 ABSTRACT: Illegal immigration into the United States is occurring at massive scale. More than 10 million undocumented aliens currently reside in the U.S., and the populationRead MoreIllegal Immigration Is A Problem That Affects The United States2334 Words   |  10 PagesIllegal immigration is a problem that affects the Southwest United States of America in many different ways that needs to be handled in a strict but reasonable manner. Ever since president Barrack Obama first went into office, immigration has been one of his top priorities. But over time, neither the Republicans nor the Democrats were able to come to a compromise on the issue. â€Å"The political debate over illegal immigration has been a roller coaster ride ever since it was brought up in 2007† (MarcovitzRead MoreImmigration : The Ongoing Question1419 Words   |  6 PagesImmigration: The Ongoing Question It was estimated in 2014 that there were at least 11.3 million unauthorized immigrants in the United States. Illegal immigration has been in the headlines for the last ten years and will forever plague the United States of America. New immigration policy such as the â€Å"Priority Enforcement Program† was implemented in 2015, and programs like these are one of the main topics up for debate in the upcoming election. Over seventy-five percent of people deported back toRead MoreEssay about The Issue of Illegal Immigrants from Mexico853 Words   |  4 Pagesof Illegal Immigrants from Mexico One of the most controversial political issues of today is that of illegal immigrants from Mexico. Illegal immigration into the United States is a problem that should be stopped, as it is unfair to both Americans and to the people of the country from which they illegal immigrated. It is that the majority of illegal aliens residing in the United States are Mexicans. Roy Beck clarifies the situation by stating, The national consensus is that the United StatesRead MoreThe Issue Of Illegal Immigration1623 Words   |  7 Pages One topic inparticular has become very popular, illegal immigration. The primary question that is asked is, â€Å"How will you deport and limit the number of illegal immigrants in the United States?† This question got me thinking, If I were in their position what would I say in response? The following essay will illustrate the ideas on illegal immigration. Facts Immigration has always been a problem ever since we put a border between the United States and Mexico. In the beginning it really was not asRead MoreImmigration And The United States986 Words   |  4 PagesImmigration in the United States continues to increase rapidly year by year. According to an analysis of monthly Census Bureau data by the Center for Immigration Studies, the immigration population in the United States, both legal and illegal, hit a record of 42.1 million in the second quarter of this year, an increase of 1.7 million since the same quarter of 2014 (CIS.org). Clearly, Immigrants make up a large part of the population in the United States, and for most immigrants, migrating to theRead MoreEssay on Why should the U.S have border patrol?1611 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿United States Border Patrol: Why should the U.S have border patrol? Illegal immigrants have always been a problem in the United States for some time now. â€Å"In October 2008, the illegal immigrant population stood at 11.9 million according to the Pew Hispanic Center† (Illegal Immigration Facts Statistics†). An efficient border patrol in our country would be a good step in the right direction to stop illegal immigration and the effect it has on our country. Illegal immigrants are at fault for suchRead MoreNeighbor Relations:. An Immigration Problem Between The1215 Words   |  5 Pages Neighbor Relations: An Immigration Problem between the United States and Mexico Alberto Beltran Sociology 121 November 20, 2013 Outline I. Introduction II. Mass Immigration from Mexico: 1910 to1930 III. Bracero Program IIII. Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986 V. Impact of Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986 VI. Illegal Immigration problem VII. Conclusion I. Introduction The United States has always been considered a countryRead MoreUndocumented Immigrants And Illegal Immigration1016 Words   |  5 Pages Immigration When it comes to talking about undocumented immigrants, it can become a touchy subject. Everyone has their own beliefs when conversing about this matter. â€Å"The Center’s preliminary estimate of the unauthorized immigrant population in 2016 is 11.3 million† ( Pew Research Center). And with that, note that number increases every year. The list of liabilities when it comes to entering the United States illegally is outrageous. With this fact, it encourages illegal activityRead MoreAccording To An Article In Usa Today, â€Å"Illegal Immigration1258 Words   |  6 PagesAccording to an article in USA today, â€Å"Illegal Immigration population declines† Thomas Frank writes, â€Å"The number of illegal immigrants in the USA fell for the first time in at least four years, as the nations tough economy discourages people from sneaking into the USA†. Illegal immigration has been on an all time rise for the last 4 to five years, as the nations economy str uggles to stay out of a depression. I believe illegal immigration has a great effect on how the economy is doing. It cost the

Essay on Media’s Impact on Beauty and Body Image of Young...

It’s difficult to envision a world where idealized representations of females do not exist. However, before the creation of the mass media, our ideas of beauty were restricted to our own communities in which we live. When photography was introduced in 1839, real-life images of faces and bodies were not exposed to society. The likelihood of someone owning a mirror during that time was very rare. Today, however, one is considered odd if they do not own a mirror. Today we look for any excuse to look in the mirror as we have become more obsessed with our appearance than ever before. Given society’s standards, it is only natural to have some concern about appearance, but many people take the concern to far. According to Jane Kilborne, â€Å"Every†¦show more content†¦Even though diet and exercise to some degree can be a healthy practice for some people, many only partake in the practice to achieve the ideal figure. For many young people, especially girls, the ide al continues to chase them as they grow into young women. Young girls begin to internalize the stereotypes and judge themselves by media’s impossible standards. The power that the media holds in impacting the lives of young girls is detrimental and eventually affects their body image, their satisfaction of their own body, and portrayal of their body as an object. Researchers have discovered that â€Å"ongoing exposure to certain ideas can shape and distort our perceptions on reality.† (Mintz 2007) Because young girls are subjected to a constant display of beautiful people in the media, they have developed a negative body image of themselves. Those who have a negative body image perceive their body as being unattractive compared to others, while those with a positive body image will see themselves as attractive, or will at least accept themselves and be comfortable in their own skin. During adolescence, negative body image is especiallyShow MoreRelatedEssay about Media ’s Impact on Beauty and Body Image of Young Girls1638 Words   |  7 Pagesworld where idealized female imagery is not plastered everywhere, but our present circumstance is a relatively new occurrence. Before the mass media existed, our ideas of beauty were restricted to our own communities. Until the introduction of photography in 1839, people were not exposed to real-life images of faces and bodies. Most people did not even own mirrors. Today, however, we are more obsessed with our appearance than ever before. But the concern about appearance is quite normal and understandableRead MoreEssay about The Media’s Effect on Adolescent Bodies 1725 Words   |  7 PagesThe Media’s Effect on Adolescent Bodies The stringent standard Barbie-doll proportions of body image and what is considered beautiful in today’s media has resulted in devastating effects on adolescent women. The images displayed of women who have long beautiful legs, thin waist lines and smooth flawless skin are very hard to ignore. Throughout history the female body has been on display as a selling tool to coerce people into buying that new fancy car or the latest new appliance that can makeRead MoreA Culture Of Perfection : Media s Influence On Adolescents1362 Words   |  6 Pages A Culture of Perfection: Media’s Influence on Adolescents Comparison. It is one of the most dangerous and detrimental habits within our society. We fall into a routine of â€Å"self-checking† ourselves against others; mentally taking notes of what we can improve and what we are doing better. We all know that comparison often takes its’ toll on our confidence and self-worth; what we may not realize, however, is how early these destructive habits begin and why. The media’s influence is everywhere andRead MoreEffects of Mass Medias Ideal of Thinness1482 Words   |  6 Pagesperspectives to match that of the media’s current ideals. Concern over the media’s influence on body image has recently risen, striking the notion that many people regard the images shown throughout media as ‘real’. However, unbeknownst to them, such unbelievably thin body types are not quite attainable in reality, and therefore, individuals’ own beauty ideals and body images become unrealistic. The mass media’ s ideal image of thinness has greatly impacted the overall body image of today, and has been linkedRead MoreMedia s Influence On Body Image1697 Words   |  7 Pagescould change society forever? The notions represented by the media silently incline girls to conform to an ideal that is impossible to reach. Due to their malleable brains, adolescent females are subjected to the image of a perfect body through media’s adverse influence of what a quintessential girl is supposed to look like and the permanent impact it has on a girl’s life. The definition of body image stems from a subjective picture of one’s own physical appearance established by bothRead MoreThe Effects of Modern Body Image1380 Words   |  6 Pagesjudgment, and shame† (Brown, n.d.). Body image, on the other hand, â€Å"is a complicated aspect of the self-concept that concerns an individual’s perceptions and feelings about their body and physical appearance† (Serdar, n.d.). According to Nordqvist, it is divided into two perceptions: positive and negative body images. He states that positive body image is â€Å"based on reality – the individual sees himself/herself as they really are; they accept parts of their body that are not ideal, but are generallyRead MorePositive Adult Role Models1038 Words   |  4 PagesFirst, media has had a large negative impact on the way teen girls see themselves. They don’t need media telling them they are ugly, or that they are not good enough, they need role models te lling them that they are beautiful no matter what they look like. The way the internet and magazines influences girls by the sizes of actresses and models to believe that they have to be skinny to be beautiful, but that is not it. Beauty comes from the inside, inner beauty is the only thing that matters, and thatRead MoreWomen and adolescent girls are exposed, daily, to the medias portrayal of perfect beauty. Being1600 Words   |  7 PagesWomen and adolescent girls are exposed, daily, to the medias portrayal of perfect beauty. Being bombarded with images of beautiful women with perfect figures and porcelain skin has had an effect on the way women and young girls portray their own bodies. This, in return, causes a drive for thinness which, ultimately, can ignite feelings of dissatisfaction which can cause eating disorders and poor health decisions. This epidemic has captivated many women and adolescents as they go to tremendous lengthsRead MoreThe Media Responsible For Females Essa y1679 Words   |  7 Pagesbehaviours and disorders? In a culture with saturated media, the powerful influence upon women and younger girls is a continuous debate. Females of all ages come under immense pressure from the media, friends, partners and even parents to maintain a great body shape. The body images portrayed in the media can then push a female to go on a diet to begin a journey to gaining a similar body shape like that of the model, but low self-esteem and lack of confidence generally contributes to any issuesRead MoreAdvertisements Sell Products, But Is That All They Do?1259 Words   |  6 Pagesbetter place if girls weren’t pushed from the womb and fed, tabloids, diets, (and) shame.† Boys and girls today are growing up in a generation of photoshopped and airbrushed images of women that are filtered in through their brains as normal from billboards, television, tabloids, and the internet. These sources are encouraging the altered images as glamorous and ideal, leaving advertisements to teach girls and women that the ideal of their gender is to obtain an unrealistic body image, while at the

Analysis of 2 Translations of Beowulf Free Essays

Grendel’s Description Comparative Analysis Beowulf is a great piece of Anglo-Saxon literature that can be, and has been, translated in multiple ways. Of the many outstanding translations, two of which are by Burton Raffel and Seamus Heaney, different ways of writing are portrayed. Grendel’s description is written quite differently in both translations. We will write a custom essay sample on Analysis of 2 Translations of Beowulf or any similar topic only for you Order Now Heaney’s translation is more similar to the Anglo-Saxon style of writing than Raffel’s translation. In Heaney’s translation, he uses a kenning to describe the Danes whereas Raffel uses simple wording to get the same story across. Heaney calls The Danish people â€Å"Ring-Danes† to get his translation to be closer to the Anglo-Saxon’s style of literature. This use of a kenning causes the reader to be more familiarized and to better understand how the story was originally written or, rather, originally composed. Raffel, on the other hand, plainly calls the Danes â€Å"warriors† to make the passage clear and easy to read. By translating Beowulf this way, Raffel is simplifying the writing and turning it into a more modern style of writing by not using kennings, therefore, taking away from the original story’s metaphorical aspect and straying way from the Anglo-Saxon style of literature but making it more understandable to the less than advanced reader. Another way Heaney nears the Anglo-Saxon style of writing and Raffel digresses from it is the use of poetry and poetic devices in the translations. Heaney uses alliteration in nearly every line of his translation. For example, in line twenty five, â€Å"blundering back with the butchered corpses,† repeats the letter â€Å"B† three times. He translated Beowulf by making sure the same meaning is transferred into the new language, (English), and also made sure that the writing’s style was also transferred. This makes even the translation sound like a poem that can be sung just as Beowulf would have been many years ago. Raffel, on the contrary, does not use alliteration or other poetic devices as much. In line four, alliteration is present by repeating the â€Å"H† in â€Å"hall† and â€Å"harp’s,† however, this isn’t the case in many lines. An example would be, line one, â€Å"A powerful monster, living down. † By doing this, Raffel is turning what was initially a complex poem into a short story, setting it up in a way that is very similar to any modern novel. It is quite clear that Heaney’s choice of diction is far more complex and sophisticated than Raffel’s choice of diction, which is very simple. Heaney uses many words that may be hard to comprehend due to the fact that they are not often used in conversations or even in many other writings. An example of a word that Heaney uses in his translation that may not be understood right away is â€Å"prowler. † This word, which means stalker, is a word that may not be comprehended by someone with a weak vocabulary. It intensifies the story greatly, however, by allowing the reader to visualize Grendel sneaking up on his prey, showing that he has a deceitful personality. Raffel, on the other hand, simply describes Grendel’s actions. He skips from Grendel being a â€Å"powerful monster† to him growling due to the excessive noise from the hall. Grendel’s personality is not explained or stated as in Heaney’s translation. By Raffel missing this little piece of information about Grendel, the reader has an easier time comprehending what is currently occurring, though it is slightly less informative. Heaney and Raffel’s translations are both phenomenal works of literature. Heaney, however, concentrates more on how poetic and similar the translation is to the original writing to give the reader an idea as to how the original story was composed. Raffel strays slightly away from the poetic Anglo-Saxon writing style and simplifies Beowulf, making it easier to read. Both of the translations tell the same story, however, how the tale is told can impact the reader in different ways. How to cite Analysis of 2 Translations of Beowulf, Essay examples

Cell Membrane Structure And Phospoholipid Layer Biology Essay Example For Students

Cell Membrane Structure And Phospoholipid Layer Biology Essay A cell is the basic unit of life, and the cell membrane is an of import construction nowadays in all cells, irrespective of whether they are works cells or carnal cells. This construction is a critical constituent of any cell and it has a assortment of of import maps. Cell membrane maps include keeping the boundaries of the cells, therefore back uping the contents of the cell, keeping proper cell to cell contact, modulating the entry and issue of molecules in and out of the cell, etc. Therefore, to understand how the cell membrane manages to transport out this process, one needs to understand the cell membrane construction. Given below are the assorted constituents that comprise the construction of the cell membrane harmonizing to the Fluid Mosaic theoretical account. The first bed of cell membrane consists of a phosphid bilayer. The phosphate molecules are arranged in such a manner that the hydrophilic caputs are on the outside, while the hydrophobic fatty acid dress suits are on the interior, confronting each other. The dress suits of the molecule are said to be hydrophobic and that is why they points inside towards each other. This specific agreement of the lipid bilayer is for the intent of forestalling the entry of polar solutes, like amino acids, proteins, saccharides, etc. Therefore, the phosphate lipid bilayer is one of the chief factors responsible for modulating the entry and issue of molecules in and out of the cell. Outline1 Integral Membrane Proteins2 Other Elementss3 Cell Membrane Function4 Cell Membrane and Other Partss of a Cell5 What is a Cell Membrane?6 What is the Function of the Cell Membrane?7 Biological Membranes and the Cell Surface8 A9 Membrane Functions10 Membrane Structure Harmonizing to the Fluid Mosaic Model of Singer and Nicolson11 A12 A13 A14 Membrane Lipids15 Bilayer Formation16 Membrane Fluidity17 How Cells Regulate Membrane Fluidity18 Membrane Carbohydrates Glycolipids and Glycoproteins19 Membrane Proteins20 A21 An Example Asymetry of Intestinal Epithelial Cell Membranes22 A23 The Extracellular Matrix ( ECM ) and Plant Cell Walls24 Cell to Cell Attachments25 Tight Junctions and Desmosomes26 Cell Gaps27 Plasmodesmata A ; Gap Junctions28 Cell Communication29 Three Phases of Cellular Communication30 No affair where they are located, signal receptors have several general features31 Two Methods of Cell-Cell Communication32 G Protein receptors33 Tyrosine-Kinase Receptors Anoth er Example of a Signal Transduction Pathway34 Signal Transduction Shutdown Integral Membrane Proteins Integral membrane proteins are those proteins that are a portion of the cell membrane construction. They are present between back-to-back molecules of phopholipids. These hempen proteins present may cross the full length of the cell membrane. These molecules have of import maps, as they serve as receptors for the cell. Some of the proteins of the cell membrane may besides come in the cell. Sometimes, a portion of the protein molecule is inside and some of it is outside. These sort of protein molecules act as bearers for active conveyance of substances in and out of the cell. Some of these protein molecules form pores and therefore, allow fatty acids and other lipid indissoluble in H2O molecules to go through through. Furthermore, other built-in proteins serve as channel proteins every bit good to assistance in selective conveyance of ions in and out of the cell. Such molecules are seeable with the aid of an negatron microscopy. Other Elementss Certain other elements may besides be present along the length of the cell membrane, depending on the location and demands of the cell. These constructions include ball-shaped proteins, which are peripherally placed and are merely at times associated with the cell. These protein molecules may even be enzymes or glycoproteins. In such instances, either the cell will hold particular maps, or the location of the cell may necessitate it to execute certain specific maps. When speech production of works cell vs animate being cell, there is one of import construction that is to boot present most of the clip in carnal cells. These molecules are cholesterol molecules, which aid the phospholipids in doing the membrane impermeable to H2O soluble substances. These cholesterin molecules besides stabilize the membrane and supply the cell with a cushion consequence , which prevents it from enduring any major hurts due to trauma and impact forces. Cell Membrane Function Cell membrane is the outer covering of a cell, which keep the ingredients of a cell integral. Apart from that, there are assorted other maps, that are carried out by this construction. Read on Cell Membrane Function It is a common fact that cells are the cardinal edifice blocks of life. These constructions form the basic structural and functional unit of any living thing. While some beings, like, bacteriums are one-celled, most other life things are multicellular. In instance of multicellular beings like worlds ( an grownup homo has about 100 trillion cells in the organic structure ) , there are assorted types of cells, which are assigned different maps. Each cell is made of intricate constructions, which forms an interrelated web, which strives to transport out the map of that cell. As the nature of the map of the cells differ, the maps of assorted parts of the cells excessively differ. Let us take a expression at the assorted parts of a cell, particularly, the cell membrane and cell membrane map. Cell Membrane and Other Partss of a Cell Basically there are two types of cells eucaryotic and procaryotic. While workss, animate beings, Fungis, protozoons, etc. possess eucaryotic cells, procaryotic cells are found in bacteriums merely. The difference between the two types of cells lie in the fact that procaryotic cells do non hold karyons ( and/or some other cell organs ) and are relatively smaller, as compared to eucaryotic 1s. Equally far as eucaryotic cells are concerned, the basic construction includes parts like DNA, ribosomes, cyst, endoplasmic Reticulum ( both rough and smooth ) , Golgi setup, cytoskeleton, chondriosome, vacuole, centrioles, lysosome, cytol, plasma membrane and cell wall. While works cells have a big vacuole and a definite cell wall, carnal cells lack cell wall but some may hold really little vacuoles. Animal cells do non hold chloroplasts excessively. This article is about cell membrane, which is besides known as plasma membrane or plasmalemma. Scroll down for information about cell membrane map . Y2k (1015 words) EssayMake membrane less fliuid Solid at room temperature Bad Fats that geta arterias ( carnal fats ) Unsaturated fatty acids Some C=C bond ( dual bonds ) Bent concatenation maintaining dress suits apart Make membrane more fluid Polyunsaturated fats have multiple dual bonds and decompression sicknesss Liquid at room temperature Good Fats which do non choke off arterias ( vegetable fats ) Cholesterol Reduces membrane fluidness by cut downing phospholipid motion Hinders solidification at low ( room ) temperatures How Cells Regulate Membrane Fluidity Desaturate fatty acids Produce more unsaturated fatty acids Change tail length ( the longer the tail, the less unstable the membrane ) Membrane Carbohydrates Glycolipids and Glycoproteins Face off from cytol ( on exterior of cell ) Attached to protein or lipid Blood antigens Determine blood type edge to lipoids ( glycolipids ) Glycoproteins Protein Receptors Provide specificity for cell-cell or cell-protein interactions ( see below ) Membrane Proteins Peripheral Proteins wholly on membrane surface ionic and H-bond interactions with hydrophilic lipoids and protein groups can be removed with high salt or alkaline Built-in Proteins Possess hydrophobic spheres which are anchored to hydrophobic lipoids alpha spiral more complex construction A An Example Asymetry of Intestinal Epithelial Cell Membranes Apical surface selectively absorbs stuffs Contains specific conveyance proteins Lateral surface interacts with adjacent cells Contains junction proteins to let cellular communicating Basal surface sticks to extracellular matrix and exchanges with blood Contains proteins for grounding A The Extracellular Matrix ( ECM ) and Plant Cell Walls In carnal cells, the ECM is a mish-mash of proteins ( normally collagen ) and gel-forming polyoses The ECM is connected to the cytoskeletin via Integrins and Fibronectins Plant Primary Cell Walls for a stiff cross-linked web of cellulose fibres and pectin a fibre complex Fiber complexs resist tenseness and compaction Plant Secondary Cell Walls are farther strengthened w/ Lignin Secondary Cell Walls is fundamentally what comprises wood Cell to Cell Attachments Tight Junctions and Desmosomes Tight Junctions are specialised proteins in the plasma membranes of next animate being cells they sew together next cells organize a watertight cell Desmosomes are specialised connexion protein composites in animate being cells they stud cells together they are attached to the intermediate fibres of next cells Cell Gaps Plasmodesmata A ; Gap Junctions In works cells, Plasmodesmata are spreads in the cell wall create direct connexions between next cells May contain proteins which regulate cell to cell exchange organize a uninterrupted cytoplasmatic connexion between cells called the symplast In carnal cells, Gap Junctions are holes lined with specialised proteins let cell-cell communicating ( this is what coordinates your pulse ) Cell Communication In multi-cellular being, cells can pass on via chemical courier Three Phases of Cellular Communication Reception A chemical message ( ligand ) binds to a protein on the cell surfaceA Transduction The binding of the signal molecule alters the receptor protein in some manner. The signal normally starts a cascade of reactions known as a signal transduction tract Response The transduction pathway eventually triggers a response The responses can change from turning on a cistron, triping an enzyme, rearranging the cytoskeleton There is normally an elaboration of the signal ( one endocrine can arouse the response of over 108 molecules No affair where they are located, signal receptors have several general features signal receptors are specific to cell types ( i.e. you wo nt happen insulin receptors on bone cells ) receptors are dynamicA the figure of receptors on a cell surface is variable the ability of a molecule to adhere to the receptor is non fixed ( i.e. it may worsen w/ intense stimulation ) receptors can be blocked Two Methods of Cell-Cell Communication Steroid Hormones can come in straight into a cell bind to receptors in the cytosol hormone-receptor complex binds to DNA, bring oning alteration testosterone, estrogen, Lipo-Lutin are illustrations of steroid endocrines Signal Transduction transition of signals from one signifier to another Very complicated tracts all are different! G Protein receptors G-proteins are called as such because they have GTP edge to them Receptors have inactive G-proteins associated with them When the signal binds to the receptor, the G-protein alterations form and becomes active ( into the on constellation ) The active G-protein binds to an enzyme which produces a secondary message Frequently, 2nd couriers activate other couriers, making a cascade G-protein signal transduction sequences are highly common in carnal systems embryologic development human vision and odor over 60 % of all medicines used today exert their effects by act uponing G-protein tracts Tyrosine-Kinase Receptors Another Example of a Signal Transduction Pathway Tyrosine-Kinase Receptors frequently have a construction similar to the diagram below: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.uic.edu/classes/bios/bios100/f06pm/tyro-kin02.jpg Part of the receptor on the cytoplasmatic side serves as an enzyme which catalyzes the transportation of phosphate groups from ATP to the amino acerb Tyrosine on a substrate protein The activation of a Tyrosine-Kinase Receptor occurs as follows: Two signal molecule binds to two nearby Tyrosine-Kinase Receptors, doing them to aggregate, organizing a dimer The formation of a dimer activated the Tyrosine-Kinase part of each polypeptide The activated Tyrosine-Kinases phosphorylate the Tyrosine residues on the protein The activated receptor protein is now recognized by specific relay proteins They bind to the phosphorylated tyrosines, which cause, you guessed it, a conformation alteration. The activated relay protein can so trip a cellular response One activated Tyrosine-Kinase dimer can trip over 10 different relay proteins, each which triggers a different response The ability of one ligand adhering event to arouse so many response tracts is a cardinal difference between these receptors and G-protein-linked receptors ( that, and the absence of G- proteins of class ) Abnormal Tyrosine-Kinases that aggregate without the binding of a ligand have been linked with some signifiers of malignant neoplastic disease Signal Transduction Shutdown Most signal-transduction/hormone systems are designed to close down quickly Enzymes called phosphatases take the phosphate groups from secondary couriers in the cascade This will close down the signal transduction tract at least until another signal is received

Marilyn Monroe Essay Example For Students

Marilyn Monroe Essay I am not interested in money. I just want to be wonderfulMarilyn Monroe was born Norma Jeane Baker on June 1, 1926. Her mothers name was Gladys Baker Mortensen. Baker being the name of her other two children and Mortensen the name of her last husband who disappeared just months after their marriage in 1924. Although Edward Mortensen was Gladys husband at the time of Normas birth, he was not her father. No one knows for sure who her father was, but it was believed that it was Gladys lover C. Stanley Gifford . At just six months old, Norma Jeane was placed in a foster home because her mother was placed in an insane asylum for her mental breakdowns. In 1935, at age nine, she entered an orphanage and stayed there for two years. On the whole her childhood appears to have been passed in the care of people with comfortable homes and surroundings (Andersen 1994). Her teenage ambition were set on becoming a starlet or pin-up that she saw in magazines. She did not think she has pretty enough face to become a real movie star. She soon learned, however, that she had the figure to make a successful pin-up. She was about fourteen when she began noticing the reactions of the boys at Van Nuys High School to her figure hugging sweaters She was wed to Jimmy Dougherty when she was only sixteen. When Jimmy was sent to war, Norma decided to get a job and got one at the aircraft plant in Los Angeles. When an army photographer, David Conover, from the First Motion Picture Unit came to the factory to take pictures of women doing war work he noticed Norma and her uniqueness and asked her if he could take more pictures of her. She agreed and without knowing it, Norma Jeane Dougherty was on her way (Andersen 1994). All little girls should be told they are pretty, even if they arent.She was pretty all right and graced the covers of thirty-three magazines in 1945. When her husband returned from war in 1946, he found that there was no room for him and his wife divorced him in Reno in June of 1946. That same year she began doing pin-up and cheesecake pictures for covers of magazines. She had a photo session with Andre de Dienes and he asked Norma Jeane to marry him, but she was recently divorced, free, and independent. Nevertheless, he got her on covers of major magazines. Shortly after this, in July 1946, she got a short contract with Twentieth Century-Fox. Then she changed her name to Marilyn Monroe. Marilyn for the musical star Marilyn Miller and Monroe from her mothers maiden name. After six months of acting classes and dance lessons, she was finally told to report for work on a film. This film being The Shocking Miss Pilgrim which was released in 1947. After that, Marilyn played many small and unimportant roles. When Marilyns contract came up for renewal in August 1947, the studio decided they did not want to sign her. It was said that her relationship with seventy-year-old Joseph Schenck, co-founder of T.C.F. had something to do with the studios resigning Marilyn. Schenck also got her an interview with Columbia Pictures and resulted in a six- month contract for Ladies of the Chorus. On the set of this movie, Marilyn met musical director Fred Karger and was said to have had a relationship with him. Columbia also got Monroe an acting coach, Natasha Lytess. After filming, she returned to pin-up and cheesecake modeling. At one point in 1949, she was so short of money she could pay neither her car payment or her rent. She then posed nude in order to earn fifty buc ks and used the money to retrieve her car. .u616746f154bce29e9ecdd5ef2143fe16 , .u616746f154bce29e9ecdd5ef2143fe16 .postImageUrl , .u616746f154bce29e9ecdd5ef2143fe16 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u616746f154bce29e9ecdd5ef2143fe16 , .u616746f154bce29e9ecdd5ef2143fe16:hover , .u616746f154bce29e9ecdd5ef2143fe16:visited , .u616746f154bce29e9ecdd5ef2143fe16:active { border:0!important; } .u616746f154bce29e9ecdd5ef2143fe16 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u616746f154bce29e9ecdd5ef2143fe16 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u616746f154bce29e9ecdd5ef2143fe16:active , .u616746f154bce29e9ecdd5ef2143fe16:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u616746f154bce29e9ecdd5ef2143fe16 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u616746f154bce29e9ecdd5ef2143fe16 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u616746f154bce29e9ecdd5ef2143fe16 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u616746f154bce29e9ecdd5ef2143fe16 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u616746f154bce29e9ecdd5ef2143fe16:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u616746f154bce29e9ecdd5ef2143fe16 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u616746f154bce29e9ecdd5ef2143fe16 .u616746f154bce29e9ecdd5ef2143fe16-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u616746f154bce29e9ecdd5ef2143fe16:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Lujjjs1 EssaySoon after that Marilyn began doing her small roles in many movies. Then she got cast in John Hustons The Asphalt Jungle. She played the niece of a crooked lawyer and began to get a lot of fan mail and although her name was originally omitted from the credits, her name was then inserted. She then starred in All about Eve, her second good film that won six Oscars. Then her agent Johnny Hyde had fallen in love with her. They made an odd couple because he was thirty years older and suffered from a diseased heart. His wife divorced him, citing Marilyn. When the divorce finalized, Hyde asked Marilyn to marry him. She refused, she had told him that she did care for him, but was not in love with him.

Overview of APA 6th Edition

Overview of APA 6th Edition The American Psychological Association was hard at work over the summer publishing†¦ yes, you guessed it, the APA Publication Manual, 6th Edition, which ran its first publication in July, 2010. While the general requirements for formatting is similar and the same in many cases, there are some important changes from the 5th to the 6th editions of this publication manual that fall into one of five categories: Formatting, word usage, statistics, organization, and referencing.FormattingFormatting changes include spacing, headings, and title placement.SpacingThe 6th edition of the APA manual now requires two spaces between sentences. The main rational behind this change is to increase readability. An easy way to make sure you have two spaces between your sentences is to click your paragraph button ( ¶). This is the symbol for paragraph; however in Microsoft Word, it will also show you all the spaces using small dots everywhere you hit the space bar. You can find this button in the paragraph tool bar of MS Word.HeadingsHeadings with the 6th edition no longer use italics. Using all bold for headings has been used with other formatting styles for years and now APA has adopted this style as well. To review:Level 1 heading is centered and boldLevel 2 is left, justified, and boldLevel 3 is indented, bold, with a periodLevels 4 is indented, bold, italicized, with a periodLevels 5 is indented, italicized, with a periodImportant to note here is that the text under a level 3 heading actually begins after the period (dont forget your 2 spaces). Also, while the Reference and Abstract are technically formatted as a Level 1 heading, they are not bold.Title placementAll article titles are another heading related change, where in the 5th of the APA were required to be vertically and horizontally centered. While the 6th edition still requires article titles to be vertically centered, they must be in the top half of the page.Word usageWord usage is the next category of changes in the 6th edition of the APA and covers word counts and general usage.Word countRestrictions have always been placed on the number of words in the abstract of a research paper and with the 6th these restrictions are less stringent from a concrete 120 words or fewer in the 5th edition to a range of 150-250 words using the 6th edition.General usageRegarding general word usage begins with the plural form of Appendix that, with the 6th edition the required word is Appendices versus Appendixes that was indicated in the 5th edition of the APA.Additionally, as words like website and e-mail become more commonplace, the APA has also changed the standards from Web site being written as two words in the 5th edition to being written as one word and not capitalized in the 6th edition. Also, not included in the 5th edition, e-mail is written with a hyphen.StatisticsThe way some statistics are reported has also changed, specifically concerning p-values and figures.P-valuesChanges for p-values in clude using exact values with the 6th edition, where the 5th edition allowed a more general less than or equal to report.FiguresThe change with figure captions is minimal in that figure captions are now placed below the figure rather than on a separate page as was required in the 5th edition.OrganizationThe 6th edition of the APA manual has made two significant changes to the organization of papers: Bullets and order of sections.BulletsBullets are now allowed in order to separate lists or main points of the text. As a rule, if a list indicate an order, such as most important to lest importation, or a list of steps of a processes, numbers should be used. For all other lists simple bullet points should be used.Order of sectionsAdditionally, the 6th edition has moved the tables and figures before the appendices and now requires all footnotes are placed at the bottom of the page in which the footnotes are referenced. Therefore, the full organization, according to the 6th edition should follow:Title pageAbstractBodyReferencesTablesFiguresAppendicesReferencesReferences and in-text citations is the final major category of changes from the 5th edition to the 6th edition of the APA publication manual. Specifically, these concern reference abbreviations, and the various components of the full reference in the reference section.Abbreviation usageAccording to the APA 6th edition the following must now be spelled out when referenced in the text:ChapterEquationFigureChapterWhen referencing the location of quoted material, the abbreviation para., must be used rather than the pilcrow symbol.Reference componentsMany research articles referenced within the text will be found in databases such as EBSCO and ProQuest. While with the 5th edition it was necessary to include the database name in the reference, this is no longer the case with the 6th edition; rather the articles doi will be included.Just when you got all the periods, commas, ampersands, and parentheses, they added the doi or Digitial Object identifier. While not difficult to find for most sources, these numbers are long, so always double check them. If a doi and publisher information are both available, the reference need only include the doi.Additionally, much of the information retrieved online will not change regularly. As such, retrieval dates for websites need be included only when the information on the website is likely to change on a regular basis.Finally, publishing information for print materials such as books must include both the city and the state of publication. This was changed from needing only the city with the 5th edition.Note corrections from the first printing of the APA 6th edition. References and Abstract headings are not bold. A complete list of these corrections can be found on the American Pyschological Association website: www.apa.org.

Ingredients in Coke and Their Function

Ingredients in Coke and Their Function You probably know that once upon a time Coca-Cola or Coke contained cocaine. What you might not know is that the beverage is still flavored with an extract from the coca leaf and that the cocaine which is extracted from the leaves is sold for medicinal use. The Stepan Company extracts cocaine from the coca leaves, which is sold to Mallinckrodt, the only US company that is licensed to purify cocaine. So... what are the other ingredients in Coke and what do they do? Coke contains a fairly short list of ingredients: Carbonated waterSugar (which can be sucrose or high-fructose corn syrup)CaffeinePhosphoric acid v. caramel (E150d)Natural flavorings (which include coca leaf extract) The purpose of the carbonated water and sugar is obvious, but you may be unaware caramel coloring is also an important flavoring agent... well, unless you ever tried the clear versions of Coke or Pepsi. Theres a good reason those never became popular. Caramel color is a soluble food coloring that is prepared by heat treating carbohydrates. The golden or brown liquid retains a bitter taste and burnt sugar odor. The caffeine is a stimulant, but also contributes a characteristic bitter flavor to the cola. The secret formula of the additional flavorings is known to two executives at Coca-Cola. The original copy of the formula is kept in Atlanta in the SunTrust Banks vault.

Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform - Research Paper Example People had to borrow in order to finance their mortgages. From the periods of 1994, to 2004, the ownership of homes amongst residents of United States of America increased from 64%, to 69.4% (Whalen, 2008, 220). Because of an increase in the demand of the houses, the price of these commodities increased by 124%. These made consumers to refinance their homes, and take on second mortgages resulting to a reduction in their disposable income. By the time 2008 reached, the United States mortgage debts in relation to its GDP increased by 26% reaching a figure of 73%. This is from the periods of the 1990s. The easy availability of credit, and an increase in the house prices led to the building boom, and this further increased the prices of the houses, and eventually to their decline in the periods 2006 (Deminyank and Herbert, 2011, 1851 ). Paying back these mortgages became difficult, because of the fall of the home prices, as compared to the prices in which they initially bought the homes. This had an effect of reducing the value of mortgage backed securities, eroding the financial capability of the banks. This failure led to the emergence of the subprime financial crises. ... Another reason for the emergence of the subprime crises is failure by the government to effectively regulate the financial activities of various banking organizations, and their financial products. This was made possible by the 1982 mortgage transactions parity act. This act allowed credit organizations to readjust their mortgage rates, and its aims was to make it possible for as many people as possible to own homes. This act led to an abuse of the mortgage lending procedures, because credit institutions could offer any amount of interest payments to their loan products. In 1999, the Federal government repelled the Glass Steagal Act, which created an environment of risk consciousness in investment banking (Immerglack, 2011, 247). This act had an effect of regulating the creditors during boom periods, making credit organizations to undertake risk measures while carrying out their duties. Its repeal made banking organizations, to lend freely, without establishing measures that would le ad to the mitigation of risks. The Securities and Exchange Commission also played a role into the emergence of the subprime mortgage crises. The commission changed the rules of calculating its capital reserves, and this enabled credit organizations to increase the percentage of debts they incurred for purposes of financing their operations (Deminyank and Herbert, 2011, 1850 ). The consequences of this action are that it led to the growth of mortgage securities that supported subprime mortgages. This eventually led to the near collapse of the banking system, because of an increase in their debts ratio, and inability to pay. This led to the enactment of the Dodd Frank financial reform act. This act created changes to the

Software Design Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Software Design - Essay Example is the procedure by which a developer creates a specification of a software objects, anticipated to accomplish objectives, using a set of available components and theme to constraints (Budgen 2003). The Design recognizes the how of the system. It comprises tradeoff analysis based on system requirements. Design quality concerns attributes applicable to ensure sustainability of the system. The attributes analyzed in this paper are concerned with the sustainability of the design. Quality features are similarly applicable to function-based and object-based designs (Rosenblatt 2014). The attributes includes cohesion, adaptability, coupling, understandability and traceability. Cohesion is an assessment of how adequately a component interface within the system. A component should execute a single consistent entity or utility. This attribute is a desirable design constituent attribute as when an alteration has to be completed. It is restricted in a distinct cohesive component. There are a number of levels of cohesion that have been identified; though, not necessary for this paper. This design attributes is not well illustrated (Page-Jones 1999). Experts have encountered a challenge in classifying this attribute as a design component. Inheriting attributes within the design component from super classes makes cohesion as a design attribute weak. In system design, component can be understood when the super-classes also the component are examined. Coupling is a measure of stability or strength of inter-connection among systems components. When it is loosely done then, the component alterations are unlikely to affect other components. Control information or shared variables exchange lead to tight coupling. Loose coupling is achievable when state decentralization (as in objects) is executed and component interfacing through parameters or message passing (Tsui et al. 2014). Coupling allows for inheritance of classes thus facilitate ease of usage as a design attribute in

Stakeholder Analysis Is Important For Toyota Marketing Essay

Stakeholder Analysis Is Important For Toyota Marketing Essay 2.0 INTRODUCTION Business organisations have to take their stakeholders into account in order to succeed in attaining its business goals. The participations and supports from stakeholders are essential to ensure that business operations run smoothly. Stakeholder is any person, group or organisation that will be affected by the business activities and have something to earn or lose with the changes of business operations. Stakeholders include customers, suppliers, distributors, public, community, media, government, etc. 2.1 NEW STRATEGIES FOR TOYOTA According to the case study, Toyota was forced to recall its cars from the US market last year due to faulty brakes. This has affected Toyotas image in the minds of stakeholders. In order to change stakeholders attitude towards Toyota, it has plan on implementing an effective advertising campaign as its new strategy. 2.1.2 ADVERTISING According to wordnetweb.princeton.edu, advertising is defined as a public promotion of some product or service. In other words, advertising is an activity of presenting a product or service to induce people to purchase of it. Advertising is one of marketing tool that is used to sell and promote the products or services of business organisations. Toyota can use advertising campaign to persuade potential customers to purchase the cars produced by its company. Advertising agency can be hired to over view their new product and advertise it to attract the customers. The roles and function of advertising in the communication industry include firstly, to acquire enhanced volumes of sales of products and services. For example, advertising can help Toyota to increase the sales volume of their product by giving pamphlets and brochures to the customers, media advertisement and etc. Secondly, advertising can generate awareness about offerings. For instance, the advertisement in billboards, flyers and media advertisement on Toyota is to attract customers attention and inform customers on the latest promotion. For instance, to introduce a new car model produced by the company. Thirdly, advertising induce trial of a new product and services offered. For example, Toyota Aygo is targeted to the younger generation. Therefore, through its advertisement, it can attract the attention of the youth to purchase and use the car. Fourthly, advertising can also change perception and create reassurance. For example, a good advertisement will make customers feel that t he cars produced by Toyota provides better quality and value compared to the cars which are produced by other companies. Besides that, advertising can also support sales promotional sponsorships and public relations activity, make announcements in public interest, and also motivate and impress trade channels. Advertising is a paid, non personal promotion of a product or service by an advertising agency to inform or persuade a particular target audience. Advertising has evolved to take a variety of forms and has permeated nearly every aspect of modern society. Advertising can take a number of forms, including advocacy, comparative, cooperative, and direct-mail, informational, institutional, outdoor, persuasive, product, reminder, point-of-purchase, and specialty advertising. For instance, Toyota can use the various delivery mechanisms for advertising include banners at sporting events, billboards, Internet Web sites, logos on clothing, magazines, newspapers, radio spots, and television commercials. Through advertising in newspaper and television, Toyota can provide informations to the customer on the models of cars which they offer. This method of advertising can attract large number of people as they are using mass media communication. For example, in newspapers, we can generally see and read the Toyota advertisement regarding the models of cars offered by Toyota and its specifications. Toyota offer quality products at an affordable price. In addition to that, Toyotas television advertising which promotes Toyotas cars that are synonym with quality and sophistication will attract customers to purchase its products. Besides that, Toyota can also use outdoor advertising such as billboards and messages painted on the side of buildings. These are common forms of outdoor advertising, which is often used when quick, simple ideas are being promoted. Since repetition is the key to successful promotion, outdoor advertising is most effective when located along heavily travelled city streets and when the product being promoted can be purchased locally. The advantage of advertising is that it gives the organization total control of the message that will be presented to the audience. 2.2 IMPORTANCE OF STAKEHOLDER ANALYSIS Stakeholder analysis is important for Toyota as it helps the organisation to analyse and investigate the interests of stakeholders that might be affected by the companys policy and business operations. Besides that, through the implementation of stakeholder analysis, the potential conflicts and risks that would jeopardise the business operations of the organisation can be identified. In addition to that, a stakeholder analysis assist Toyota in identifying the opportunities and relationships that can be built on between the organisation and its stakeholders during the implementation stage. Furthermore, Toyota can identify the groups that should be supported to take part in the various different stages of the business activities. Moreover, stakeholder analysis aids Toyota in developing appropriate strategies for stakeholder engagement activity by communicating with its stakeholders. Lastly, stakeholder analysis help Toyota in analysing on methods to decrease the negative impacts on vul nerable groups. 2.3 CONCLUSION Stakeholder analysis serves as an important tool to identify and analyse the relationships between several different stakeholders, besides gaining an understanding on their perceptions on key issues. Stakeholders participation is important for the sustainability of an organisation. This is because, the policy and activities of the organisation will be affected if the stakeholders support or oppose to the companys policy. In the case of Toyota USA, its image in the stakeholders minds has dropped due to the recall of its cars from the market. Toyota realised that it has to change the stakeholders attitude and perception of its company, therefore Toyota developed an advertising campaign which serves as its new strategy in order to gain back the shareholders trust of its organisation as one of the market leader in car manufacturing.